
What is AD and Why Does It Matter?
In Episode 17 of the GUM Health Video Series, we tackle the common yet often misunderstood skin condition, Atopic Dermatitis (AD). In hot and humid climates like Hong Kong, AD is especially prevalent, affecting many individuals, from children to adults. In this episode, we explore the basics of AD, shedding light on its types, causes, and triggers.
What is Atopic Dermatitis?
Atopic Dermatitis, commonly known as eczema, is a chronic skin condition that causes red, itchy, and inflamed patches on the skin. It is an ongoing condition that flares up intermittently, and the symptoms can vary from mild to severe. Specialist in Dermatology, Dr. William Ngan explains that AD is primarily an immune system-related condition, and its symptoms can include intense itching, skin dryness, and visible redness.
Different Types and Severity of AD
There are several types of AD, each varying in severity. In this episode, we dive how it appears on different areas of the skin and at various stages of life. From the mild irritation that many people experience to the more severe forms that affect day-to-day living, AD can affect individuals differently. While some may only experience mild discomfort, others could face a more extensive flare-up that causes significant discomfort and distress.
Common Causes and Triggers
AD is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Dr. Ngan walks us through the most common triggers of AD, including allergens, irritants, climate changes, and stress. He also explains how the condition is often hereditary, with family members who suffer from other allergic conditions, such as asthma or hay fever, being at a higher risk.
AD Across Different Ages
Another fascinating topic discussed is how AD manifests differently across various age groups. For infants, the condition is most commonly seen on the face, while in older children and adults, it can show up on the joints and hands. The way AD presents itself can determine how it should be treated and managed at different stages of life.
Self-Evaluation of AD
Dr. Ngan suggests using the POEM (Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure) tool for self-assessment. This simple tool helps individuals evaluate their symptoms based on key questions such as how much itching they experience, how often the skin becomes dry or cracked, and the severity of flare-ups. However, it’s important to remember that this test is not intended for diagnostic purposes. If you have any questions or concerns, please consult your doctor for guidance.
Managing AD: Prevention and Treatment
As always, early intervention is key when managing AD. In this episode, Dr. Ngan gives practical advice on how to treat and prevent flare-ups, from avoiding known irritants to adopting a skincare routine that focuses on moisturizing and protecting the skin. He also emphasizes the importance of managing stress levels, which can often trigger or worsen symptoms.
Conclusion: Early Awareness and Action Are Key
By understanding the basics of AD, its causes, and how it presents itself at different stages of life, you can take proactive steps to manage the condition.
What’s Next?
While treatment options for AD will be discussed in the next episode, early intervention and awareness are crucial when managing AD. Stay tuned for Episode 18, where Dr. Ngan will dive deeper into effective treatments for AD and share tips on how to live with and manage the condition day-to-day.
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Expert of the Day:
Dr. William Ngan
Specialist in Dermatology
- MBBS (HK)
- MRCP (UK)
- FHKCP
- FHKAM (Medicine)